The Surprising Secret of Synchronization

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Publicado 2021-03-31
How does order spontaneously arise out of chaos? This video is sponsored by Kiwico — go to www.kiwico.com/Veritasium50 for 50% off your first month of any crate.

An enormous thanks to Prof. Steven Strogatz — this video would not have been possible without him. Much of the script-writing was inspired and informed by his wonderful book Sync, and his 2004 TED talk. He is a giant in this field, and has literally written the book on chaos, complexity, and synchronization. It was hard to find a paper in this field that Steven (or one of his students) didn't contribute to. His Podcast "The Joy of X" is wonderful — please listen and subscribe wherever you get your podcasts www.quantamagazine.org/tag/the-joy-of-x

Nicky Case's Amazing Firefly Interactive — ncase.me/fireflies

Great Kuramoto Model Interactive — www.complexity-explorables.org/explorables/ride-my…

References:

Strogatz, S. H. (2012). Sync: How order emerges from chaos in the universe, nature, and daily life. Hachette UK. — ve42.co/Sync

Strogatz, S. H. (2000). From Kuramoto to Crawford: exploring the onset of synchronization in populations of coupled oscillators. Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena, 143(1-4), 1-20. — ve42.co/Strogatz2000

Goldsztein, G. H., Nadeau, A. N., & Strogatz, S. H. (2021). Synchronization of clocks and metronomes: A perturbation analysis based on multiple timescales. Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science, 31(2), 023109. — ve42.co/Goldsztein

The Broughton Suspension Bridge and the Resonance Disaster — ve42.co/Broughton

Bennett, M., Schatz, M. F., Rockwood, H., & Wiesenfeld, K. (2002). Huygens's clocks. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 458(2019), 563-579. — ve42.co/Bennett2002

Pantaleone, J. (2002). Synchronization of metronomes. American Journal of Physics, 70(10), 992-1000. — ve42.co/Pantaleone2002

Kuramoto, Y. (1975). Self-entrainment of a population of coupled non-linear oscillators. In International symposium on mathematical problems in theoretical physics (pp. 420-422). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. -- ve42.co/Kuramoto1975

Great video by Minute Earth about Tidal Locking and the Moon — ve42.co/MinuteEarth

Strogatz, S. H., Abrams, D. M., McRobie, A., Eckhardt, B., & Ott, E. (2005). Crowd synchrony on the Millennium Bridge. Nature, 438(7064), 43-44. — ve42.co/Strogatz2005

Zhabotinsky, A. M. (2007). Belousov-zhabotinsky reaction. Scholarpedia, 2(9), 1435. — ve42.co/Zhabotinsky2007

Flavio H Fenton et al. (2008) Cardiac arrhythmia. Scholarpedia, 3(7):1665. — ve42.co/Cardiac

Cherry, E. M., & Fenton, F. H. (2008). Visualization of spiral and scroll waves in simulated and experimental cardiac tissue. New Journal of Physics, 10(12), 125016. — ve42.co/Cherry2008

Tyson, J. J. (1994). What everyone should know about the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction. In Frontiers in mathematical biology (pp. 569-587). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. — ve42.co/Tyson1994

Winfree, A. T. (2001). The geometry of biological time (Vol. 12). Springer Science & Business Media. — ve42.co/Winfree2001

The Manim Community Developers. (2021). Manim – Mathematical Animation Framework (Version v0.13.1) [Computer software]. www.manim.community/

Special thanks to Patreon supporters: Mac Malkawi, Oleksii Leonov, Michael Schneider, Jim Osmun, Tyson McDowell, Ludovic Robillard, jim buckmaster, fanime96, Juan Benet, Ruslan Khroma, Robert Blum, Richard Sundvall, Lee Redden, Vincent, Lyvann Ferrusca, Alfred Wallace, Arjun Chakroborty, Joar Wandborg, Clayton Greenwell, Pindex, Michael Krugman, Cy 'kkm' K'Nelson, Sam Lutfi, Ron Neal

Written by Derek Muller and Petr Lebedev
Animation by Fabio Albertelli and Jakub Misiek
Simulations and 3D Animation by Jonny Hyman
Filmed by Derek Muller and Raquel Nuno
Edited by Derek Muller
Additional video supplied by Getty Images
Thumbnail by Ignat Berbeci

More footage from NASA's Scientific Visualization Studio

100 metronome video from    • メトロノーム同期(100個)  

Intro animation by Jorge Cham

Thanks for the BZ footage from SteinbockGroup:    • Scroll waves drift along step edge   and
NileRed    • Recreating one of the weirdest reactions  

Animation of waves in the heart from The Virtual Heart/ EM Cherry/ FH Fenton — ve42.co/Cardiac and ve42.co/Cherry2008

Chemical materials and protocol provided by Mike Morris and the UCI Chemistry Outreach Program www.chem.uci.edu/~jsnowick/outreach/UCI_Outreach/i…

Thanks to Alie Ward for title/thumbnail consultation
Thanks to Dr Juliette Becker and Dr James O'Donoghue for the planetary science help

Music from Jonny Hyman, Epidemic Sound epidemicsound.com/ "Seaweed" "Deeper Than The Ocean" "Ripple Effect"
Music also from Artlist artlist.com/ "Children of Mystery"

Thumbnail by Ignat Berbeci

Todos los comentarios (21)
  • Don't you just love it when you're just about to go to sleep, then you accidentally discover a new scientific phenomenon
  • @rolturn
    This channel is what the Discovery Channel was like to me when I was a child. I love how it brings life to "uninteresting" subjects.
  • @lenmargolin4872
    I am a theoretical physicist, have thought about synchronization (resonance) for many years, and still I learned from this presentation. Thank you.
  • @cocobaygyan
    I am 75 years old and an engineer. Physics has been my favourite subject. We see physics all around us but most people do not observe and analyze. This video explained synchronisation so beautifully. I salute the makers of this video. Just loved it. 🙏
  • @ahmadkhilfi2620
    Whenever a lot of people are having a chat to the point where the room was so noisy and then suddenly everyone just stop talking to complete silence is someting that is mesmerising and scares me. It's like they/we unknowingly agree to stop talking at the same time
  • @mnotchchuang9663
    this reminds me of a phenomenon that sometimes a noisy class would simultaneously stop talking. In the short sudden silence everyone is like 'WTF', and finds out that it was a false alarm—the teacher hasn't come yet, and continues chattering.
  • @kiwimiwi5452
    I went to a recording for a German TV show yesterday and I really enjoyed the sensation of when we, the audience, were clapping. We were in a circus and arranged around one circle in the middle, so I could look at people face to face, to the other side of the middle. (the show is called "Stars in der Manege" in case any German speaking person reading this wants to see it) When music was playing we started clapping in sync, a room of over a thousand people syncronized without any instruction to do so. It happened at different paces each time, some times the irregular phase lasted longer and others we almost syncronized right away. When we were in sync I loved looking around at a random person and no matter where my gaze went, I was in perfect sync with that person. funny how this video showed up on my feed one day later
  • @emmetthowell899
    10:02 I don’t think I’ll ever see this clip and not get chills, the way all these strangers just happened to all be swayed by one another to then combine into something much louder and greater is just amazing
  • In Hungary, members of the audience purposely sync up the clapping to honor a great performance. We call it the "iron clap". After a while, it disintegrates into just random normal applause, but people will again try to sync up. It's fun and the performers love it.
  • @pravitrawat7213
    7:40 "if your friend is sympathetic enough " The guy who runs fast : "On your left ! "
  • @xdarin_
    What's interesting to me is that this "Go with the flow" sync applies not just to living things. And the beauty of how despite how chaotical the world is, it's still so orderly.
  • @alvarocalmet
    Derek, I know we’ve worked together in the past so our relationship has been mostly professional, but honestly, I REALLY love your content and the outlook you give to the topics you touch. You and your team are amazing!
  • @kummer45
    This is how you make school interesting again. Videos like these SHOULD be the norm in our high schools.
  • There are nearly 7,500 comments so I can't imagine you'll see this, but something you might be interested in is that human hearts and breath will synchronize if two people with a close connection sit near each other and look at each other in the eyes for several minutes, or hold hands. The same happens if two people watch certain kinds of movies or listen to certain kinds of music together. It sounds very woo woo but it's true, there have been legit experiments and they will sync up, every time. Little is known about this kind of synchronization but it'd be cool to learn more about it.
  • @emmetthowell899
    I just realized I’ve experienced synchronization with clapping. My high school did a thing at lunch where one table would start randomly clapping and others would join in until the entire lunch room was clapping. One time it got a lot louder suddenly and I figured it was just my weird hearing but I think it was synchronicity especially because we had strong coupling. My school had a bunch of groups strongly opposing each other (mostly divided by political views) but one thing that could bring all the people together was the clapping, even the most reserved groups would get in on it. Some teachers hated it cause the noise and others liked it because it was nice seeing all the students doing something collaboratively
  • @jamesb.9155
    I used to practice jumping into lock step say, with my dad or someone I was walking and talking with. Walking while holding hands, I found, is another way of being in synchrony! It's a lot like drumming in a big circle and locking up with a synchronous rhythm with everyone else. It is amazing to experience the sudden coalescence and to even introduce a new movement and feel the effect it has on the whole group.
  • As a child I did observe that randomly people in group start walking in synchronization but could never reason it. This video was amazing tbh!
  • @ERDFCN
    I'm from Russia and I watch your videos, but I watch your videos from another channel that does Russian voice acting. But I still go to your channel looking for the right video and put a like. It was you who instilled in me a love for physics and I would like to say a huge thank you! You probably won't even read this comment, but I still want to write it. Thanks!
  • @2c_4m57
    This video was SO GOOD. Absolutely loved hearing Pr. Strogatz talk, what an incredible final thought he shared.
  • @LXIXTurner
    As a kid, I remember hearing this noise in the middle of the night. First time i heard it, it scared the life out of me! It was loud and scary, sounded like a bear’s breath echoing through the house. But after many nights of wondering what it was, i finally discovered it was my mom and sister snoring in sync with one another. Back and forth, after hours it would eventually echo through the whole house and i swear it was something i wish i could record because it sounds impossible when i try to tell people