Something Strange Happens When You Follow Einstein's Math
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Published 2024-04-29
A massive thank you to Prof. Geraint F. Lewis and Prof. Juan Maldacena for their expertise and help with this video.
A huge thank you to those who helped us understand this complicated topic: Dr. Suddhasattwa Brahma, Prof. Carlo Rovelli, Dr. Hal Haggard, Prof. Martin Bojowald, Dr. Francesca Vidotto, Prof. Andrew Hamilton, and Dr. Carl-Fredrik Nyberg Brodda.
A special thanks to Alessandro Roussel from ScienceClic for his spectacular simulations and feedback on the video. Check out his channel here: ve42.co/ScienceClic
An excellent book on this topic and an inspiration for this video: Cox, B., & Forshaw, J. (2023). Black holes: the key to understanding the universe.
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Join us on Patreon to watch an exclusive bonus video that expands on the topic of white holes ve42.co/PatreonDE
Patrons: Adam Foreman, Anton Ragin, Balkrishna Heroor, Bertrand Serlet, Bill Linder, Blake Byers, Burt Humburg, Chris Harper, Dave Kircher, David Johnston, Evgeny Skvortsov, Garrett Mueller, Gnare, gpoly, I. H., John H. Austin, Jr., john kiehl, Josh Hibschman, Juan Benet, KeyWestr, Kyi, Lee Redden, Marinus Kuivenhoven, Martin, Matthias Wrobel, Max Paladino, Meekay, meg noah, Michael Krugman, Orlando Bassotto, Paul Peijzel, Richard Sundvall, Sam Lutfi, Stephen Wilcox, Tj Steyn, Toni , TTST, Ubiquity Ventures, wolfee
If you’re looking for a molecular modeling kit, try Snatoms, a kit I invented where the atoms snap together magnetically - ve42.co/SnatomsV
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References:
Thorne, K. (1995). Black Holes & Time Warps: Einstein's Outrageous Legacy.
Relativity Playlist by ScienceClic - ve42.co/SCPlaylist
Hamilton, A. J. S. (2021). General Relativity, Black Holes, and Cosmology - ve42.co/Hamilton2021
Black Hole Events by PBS Space Time - • Do Events Inside Black Holes Happen?
Newton’s Letters via The Newton Project - ve42.co/NewtonMail
Einstein, A. (1915). Die feldgleichungen der gravitation. - ve42.co/Einstein1915
Why Time and Space Swap by ScienceClic - • Why Time and Space swap in a Black Hole
Schwarzschild, K. (1916). Über das Gravitationsfeld eines Massenpunktes nach der Einsteinschen Theorie. - ve42.co/Schwarzschild1916
Wali, K. C. (1982). Chandrasekhar vs. Eddington—an unanticipated confrontation. - ve42.co/Wali1982
How to Build a Black Hole by PBS Space Time - • How to Build a Black Hole
Oppenheimer, J. R., & Volkoff, G. M. (1939). On massive neutron cores. - ve42.co/TOVLimit
Oppenheimer, J. R., & Snyder, H. (1939). On continued gravitational contraction. - ve42.co/Oppenheimer1939
Schwarzschild Geometry by Andrew Hamilton - ve42.co/SchwarzGeom
Why all world maps are wrong by Vox - • Why all world maps are wrong
Hamilton, A. J., & Lisle, J. P. (2008). The river model of black holes. - ve42.co/HamiltonLisle2008
Mapping The Multiverse by PBS Space Time - • Mapping the Multiverse
Rotating black hole via Wikipedia - ve42.co/WikiRBH
Wormhole Travel by PBS Space Time - • Will Wormholes Allow Fast Interstella...
Morris, M. S., & Thorne, K. S. (1988). Wormholes in spacetime and their use for interstellar travel. - ve42.co/MorrisThorne1988
Images & Video:
D3 Geo Projection Library by Mike Bostock ve42.co/d3geo
Interrupted Maps by Jason Davies ve42.co/DaviesMaps
Kazmierczak, J. et al. (2021). NASA’s NICER Tests Matter’s Limits. - ve42.co/NasaNICER
Bridgman, T. et al. (2024). M5.1 flare 'Double Whammy', at Active Regions 13559 and 13561. NASA SVS. - ve42.co/NasaFlare
Schnittman, J. et al. (2019). Black Hole Accretion Disk Visualization. - ve42.co/NasaAccrDisk
Wiessinger, S. et al. (2020). A Decade of Sun. NASA SVS. - ve42.co/NasaSunDecade
Skelly, C. et al. (2017). What is a Neutron Star? NASA SVS. - ve42.co/NasaNeutron
What would we see if we fell into a black hole by ScienceClic - • What would we see if we fell into a B...
Earth texture - ve42.co/NASAEarth
First image of Sgr A* - ve42.co/EHT1
Image of M87 - ve42.co/EHT2
Polarized light image of Sgr A* - ve42.co/EHT3
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Directed by Casper Mebius
Written by Casper Mebius, Derek Muller and Will Wood
Edited by Trenton Oliver
Animated by Fabio Albertelli, Ivy Tello, Mike Radjabov, David Szakaly, Jonny Hyman, and Alessandro Roussel
Illustrated by Jakub Misiek
Filmed by Derek Muller
Additional research by Gregor Čavlović
Produced by Casper Mebius, Derek Muller, Will Wood, Giovanna Utichi, Rob Beasley Spence, Gregor Čavlović, and Emily Taylor
Thumbnail contributions by Jakub Misiek, Ren Hurley and Peter Sheppard
Additional video/photos supplied by Getty Images, Storyblocks, and NASA SVS
Music from Epidemic Sound
All Comments (21)
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If you want to pull your data out of a black hole of data brokers, then head to incogni.com/veritasium and use code veritasium to get 60% off an annual plan.
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Redbull will be the first to cover someone going through a singularity
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this is why u shouldn't divide by 0
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"he looks back at you, shaking his fist at a constant rate" something only a physicist would say
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I rarely leave comments, but I have to say, the incredible effort you've poured into this video is absolutely astonishing. Your ability to explain Einstein's complex equations with such clarity and engagement is a testament to your years of dedication and the deep insights you gained during your PhD research on effective science education. The stunning graphics and your compelling presentation style kept me captivated throughout the entire video. This work brilliantly showcases your passion and the extensive journey you've undertaken to make challenging topics accessible and enthralling for everyone. Amazing job, Derek!!! 👍🏽
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Once you get so far into math, the math doesn’t even look like math anymore
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Insane that you’ve kept 6.3 million people watching so far (after 5 days) and gotten to #1 on trending with a math heavy video with the word math in the title. It’s an educational YouTuber master class
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It's amazing how you can see the passion and bliss in the faces of these mathematicians when they're talking about something they truly love.
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The way he purposely misleads the answer to his own question to purposely force your brain into countering it just to properly answer it the exact way you were originally thinking about it to then add new PROPER information onto the way you were already thinking about it to begin with, so you spiral into correlating past random thoughts that directly relate to the EXACT new points that he brings up is just perfect. Its like im being forced to use past knowledge and experiences to genuinely take in and learn the new information in a way ive never felt before.
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The transition to Penrose diagram was one of the smoothest I’ve ever seen. Never understood it until now
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It's an amazing coincidence that the event horizon acts as a kind of "black shield", shielding the events inside from the outside world, and "black shield" is literally what "Schwarzschild" means in german.
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"Why can't we have two?" That's how it all starts and eventually you see yourself standing in line at a DMV in another universe applying for a license to drive cars backwards.
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Love this. Also, nothing says, "this is a math video" as much as, "your nemesis looks back at you, shaking his fist AT A CONSTANT RATE" 😅😅😅
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As a german, I'm still stunned how a person with the name "Schwarzschild" could predict the radius of a black hole. It's such an unbelievable semantic coincident, as it basically is translated to "Blackshield"... Feels very weird hearing this, as I couldn't imagine a better word describing this phenomenon.
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I fully expect a “37” Easter egg in every video from now on
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As a science enthusiast , I have come across these terms white holes , black holes , wormholes , Einstein Rosen bridge etc many times and wondered about their origin. I sincerely thank "Veritasium" for compiling this beautiful video that actually sheds light on the origin of these concepts briefly but, deeply. Thanks a lot !
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Here I am terrified of black holes, but in a parallel universe, I’m even more terrified of white holes that are constantly, violently, and randomly throwing matter in every direction.
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2015: The earth is actually flat. 2025: Okay, the earth is round, but the southern hemisphere doesn't exist.
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I’m so astonished and impressed at how smart some people are. The fact that guy mathematically said there are black holes before we knew about them is insane.
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Schwarzschild is probably the most epic example of nomen est omen. For those that don't speak German his name translates to black shield