Are Flow Batteries About to Take Over? A Lab Tour of RedFlow's Zinc Bromine Battery

Published 2023-05-25
Join me on this project tour of Redflow's hybrid flow battery facility in Brisbane, Australia.

Energy storage is a huge topic these days as electricity grids are seeing larger and larger proportions coming from variable renewable sources like wind and solar and storage is used to fill the gaps between variable supply and demand. Traditionally, nearly all storage in the electricity grid came through hydroelectric dams, but in recent years the new storage capacity that’s been added has been overwhelmingly lithium-ion batteries. This has occurred in tandem with EVs and their lithium ion batteries also experiencing exponential growth. But if this exponential trend is going to continue, there will be supply chain problems to overcome as there aren’t yet enough mines for several key minerals, like lithium, to fill all the projected demand over coming decades. This is one of the number one objections that I hear from climate pessimists: we don’t have enough critical minerals to make enough lithium ion batteries to support a 100% renewable electricity grid. Now, those arguments are misleading for several reasons, but the main one is that lithium ion batteries aren’t the only electricity storage technology available.
Lithium ion batteries are incredibly appealing for EV applications because they can pack a lot of energy into a small and light package. But for stationary storage, the size and weight don’t really matter. What does matter is cost, especially for longer storage durations of ten hours and more. That’s something that li-ion batteries don’t do particularly well. To double the storage duration of a lithium ion battery you pretty much need to double the cost.
That is not the case for flow batteries, which is the topic of today’s video.
Flow batteries are a type of rechargeable battery that use two chemical components dissolved in liquid electrolyte. The electrolyte is stored in external tanks and pumped through a reaction chamber to produce electricity. The key thing about flow batteries is that is cheap to increase the storage duration, much cheaper than for lithium ion batteries – I’ll explain why later on.
Last year while I was in Brisbane I had a chance to tour a hybrid flow battery manufacturer, Redflow.
In this video we’re going to look at how their batteries work, how they’re tested and how their design has evolved over the years.
I was keen to visit Redflow because while the hype around flow batteries is a pretty recent thing, these guys are no spring chickens. They kicked off pilot studies back in 2010 and by now there are Redflow batteries in over 250 sites. Originally they were just selling single 10kWh batteries for residential and remote sites, for example for communications. And these days they are looking at large modular systems in the tens to hundreds of MWh.

Bookmarks
00:00 Intro
00:50 Redflow
01:12 How does a hybrid flow battery work?
02:10 Anatomy of a Redflow Battery
03:49 Pure vs Hybrid Flow Batteries
04:48 Redflow’s Technology Development
06:26 Recyclability of Redflow’s Batteries
07:15 Applications and Scale Up Plans
09:19 Latest updates from Redflow
09:47 Outro

The Engineering with Rosie team is:
Rosemary Barnes: presenter, producer, writer
Kevin Irman: research, calculations, assistant editor
Javi Diez: editor www.linkedin.com/in/javierdiezsuarez/?locale=en_US

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All Comments (21)
  • That was fantastic Rosie! Those guys have really got industrial production experience that is so heartening for us punters to see
  • Great video. Given these guys are based in my part of the world in Brissey hoping to also do an interview with them soon. Keet up the great advocacy and education work Rosie. Great to see you hosting at FCL in March. 👍
  • @outtolunch88
    I started following these guys about 15 years ago - and I'm still waiting for a commercially available domestic model.
  • I am very pleased to see RedFlow still going strong and expanding their product capability. These are mighty good systems from their beginning through to now.
  • Great video, and I wish RedFlow every success! Great to see some flow batteries "in the flesh". I'm a little surprised that some batteries are being retired already. The conventional wisdom is that for this application application a 30 year life is required. Particularly for roles in distribution networks.
  • Wow I’d love a totally transparent version ….it’d make better watching than most tv programs 😊
  • @BillMSmith
    Thanks Rosie. This is the sort of stuff I rely on you for. I'm pleased to see that there are actual long(ish) installations from this company, that's exactly what we need to see to encourage the more timid folks that energy storage with renewables is viable. But you did open the video by dashing my hopes for becoming rich by cornering the market for lemon batteries. 😞 Well, on to the potatoes...
  • @allanhugh2044
    This is the first time I have seen someone reviewing a Redflow battery that actually explained it properly and correctly; although I did have to stop, go back, then slow down the replay in the part where you were discussing the charging and discharging through the membrane. I needed to switch on subtitles as I couldn't hear what the lady was saying when she was showing the plates and membrane. You are pretty much spot on with everything. I was surprised that you didn't mention the red colour of the hand held vials of solution; essentially it is where the name Redflow comes from. I have two of these batteries, which are now 3½ years old and still going strong.
  • @avidian888
    Thank you for showing us the in-depth interviews and scientific steps behind new developments, it’s far more interesting than super hyped up new tech that will never see the light of the day.
  • @snoopaka
    Another fantastic video! I am sure you are staying very busy in between videos. Glad you covered an existing technology that is already out in the field!
  • @mikeklein4949
    Hugely encouraging news Rosie. Thank you. There seem to be new horizons popping up constantly, new types of technology such as flow versus lithium-ion, but I suspect there are new narrower horizons popping up within these broader development and implementation horizons.
  • @Fomites
    I've been interested in Red Flow since I first heard about them in 2010 but this is the first time I've seen the equipment. Great video! Thank you :-)
  • Would be good if Rosie compared Redflow to other flow battery types such a vanadium and iron.
  • @saddle1940
    I'm concerned about the high failure rate displayed by these batteries during the Canberra Tests. Very high failure rates were displayed in those tests by many battery types (not good all round). They were replaced three or four times due to contamination (once) and leaks. Leaking fluids in flow batteries was my first thought as the pumps have to run constantly long term pushing reactive chemicals for the scheme to work. Pumps like that should probably be inside the tank where leaks don't/wont matter (probably already are, hard to tell from the current info).
  • @MartinMenge
    I bet these will become increasingly common in South Africa. Every housing estate, private industrial park, mine, farm and mall will probably have one within a decade.
  • Love the content. I can follow your conversation but it is getting faster.
  • @philgoogle1535
    I'm a long suffering Redflow shareholder. I believe in the technology and its potential but frustrated as to why our energy companies (and government) don't see this. RFX has had some recent success in the US but I'd love to see its own country embrace it.
  • @mrtmat
    This is fascinating and very exciting. efficient storage solutions are so important to an energy transition.
  • @KevinLyda
    I live in Ireland and have residential solar. It varies from 1 kWh per day in winter to as much as 45 kWh a day in summer. I've been looking into microwind generation to supplement it, but it's clear that needs storage to work. Flow batteries have looked really tempting as a solution (sorry) for years now. As I'm in a rural area, space isn't as much of an issue. So for me, the smaller footprint of hybrid flow batteries doesn't overcome their lack of cheap expansion options. The more I learn about wind and solar generation, the clearer it is that we need storage systems that can handle large spikes in generation and can store power over the span of weeks. On the flip side, EV hub charging stations on motorways or fleet depots need to handle large spikes in demand for short periods and then produce very little for much of the rest of the time. Which seems like a great use case for storage as well. The traditional grid wasn't really designed for this. My car can draw the full power needs of over a dozen houses - for about 10 minutes. A strong wind will blow for a day or two and then very little for a week where i live. Flow batteries look interesting though the moving parts give me reliability worries.
  • @SuperFredAZ
    Very interesting. Thanks for the even-handed presentation.