The most important CONSONANT in English

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Published 2024-04-15
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Secrets of what I consider the most important consonant in English, the various ways it's made, and how it differs from other language.

0:00 Introduction
1:40 Important meanings
3:05 Important endings
4:32 Loudness differences
5:00 Surfshark
6:12 UCL's anechoic chamber
7:24 Spectrograms
9:16 Awkward combinations
9:48 months
11:12 Assimilation: howzat
11:52 TH-fronting
13:07 English and Spanish
14:05 English and Japanese
15:57 Articulation: reality check
18:39 The alternative: lips!

Thanks to:
Gordon Mills of Psychology & Language Sciences, UCL
Hernán Ruiz for help with Spanish
Prof. Masaki Taniguchi for help with Japanese

Animation of vocal tract by Speech Graphics    • Speech Graphics' Simone Articulation ...  
British National Corpus www.natcorp.ox.ac.uk/

All Comments (21)
  • @FreakyRufus
    The Japanese heavy metal group Babymetal has a song called “Babymetal Death”, which is really just them introducing themselves. “Babymetal desu” becomes “Babymetal Death” when sung to heavy metal music.
  • @virtuous-sloth
    I'd be interested in Dr Lindsey speak with ventriloquists about th-s-sh and alternative ways of making them, since I imagine ventriloquists need that skill.
  • @tottoriteal9661
    The more I watch Dr Lindsey’s videos, the more I become frustrated by language education. I’ve come from studying English at a young age to today living in an English-speaking country and no longer considering myself a “learner”, yet throughout the entire time, I was not told how to pronounce “clothes” or “months” and always thought it was my “th” prononciation. Anyone studying English needs to be shown Dr Lindsey’s videos at a very early stage.
  • my boyfriend is french, and although he has lived in america for ~16 years now, he still drops the final -s off of words!! i've always found it really interesting!
  • @Dr_Mel
    It never occurred to me that the finger to the lips when shushing someone is, intentionally or unintentionally, enhancing the potency of the shush.
  • You literally said “it’s just finished” (2:50) like within 3sec of my laundry finishing in the other room
  • @DaveChurchill
    That transition to the sponsor was a masterclass. Well done
  • @FairyCRat
    TH-fronting definitely is a thing for some non-natives. My French dad once walked into an Indian restaurant in Dublin meaning to ask for "a table for three" but instead requesting "a table for free", which the lady found hilarious.
  • @ZuyFean
    As a native Polish speaker, where we have a triple contrast between "s", "sz" (english "sh") and "ś", I felt like these sounds didn't ever pose a problem for my pronunciation. Polish does not, however, have "th". This led me to coping with it for a long time by saying "dat" or "fenk you". Living in the US right now I feel I've improved at both voiced and unvoiced variants of "th", but I think I still pretty often retreat to "d" and "f" when speaking more quickly. Your video was very helpful for my understanding why my Japanese friends would often baffle me by pronouncing "senk you" where my Polish brain would expect "f".
  • @austingee238
    I am an American from deep in the Ozarks. I pronounce “months” as “munts” and “month” as “munt”. Didn’t realize it until I moved somewhere else. Crazy.
  • @noelleggett5368
    There is a famous story about Marlene Dietrich and her ‘battle’ with English ‘th’. When filming her breakout movie, Blue Angel, in 1930. Dietrich was playing a cabaret singer, and had trouble with lyric with a song that she had to sing in the movie. She just could not get her mouth around the ‘ths’ combination in the line; “Like moths around a flame”. After several failed takes, the director, Josef von Sternberg, solved the problem by having an extra in the movie call out for a waiter at the moment she sang the word ‘moths’, obscuring her voice for a spit second. ‘Blue Angel’ became a classic of European cinema, and the song, ‘Falling in Love Again (Can’t Help It)’ became a worldwide hit, and Marlene Dietrich’s signature tune. The poor woman had to wrestle with that English consonant combination for the rest of her life.
  • there's a kid book (i think it's from the narnia's series) where the protagonist is trying to hide with another person, and they decide to speak without the "s" because they sound too loud even when you're whispering.
  • As a French speaker of English, Japanese, and Spanish, who is hypnotized by spelling and scared of th, this video was awesome
  • @sb792079
    I’ve been making the “bottom lip S” this entire time, and I never noticed! I was so confused for 80% of the video because the mouth shapes didn’t look what I was used to doing at all.
  • Dr Lindsey, you’re worth your weight in gold. I was learning RP pronunciation, but gave up when it came to „s” sound. Even though I don’t have a lisp, I just couldn’t do the „s” sound the way the articulators were shown on the mouth cross-section image. I was thinking, either I do have a lisp, or I’m mental, or deaf, but I can’t reproduce the sound the way which is shown, even though I seem to achieve the same effect in some different way... Now it’s all clear, and I even can make the „s” closer to English way ☺️
  • @myriamm9917
    When you removed the "th" and it still sounded like "thin", that might have been the most important moment of my life. I'm really shocked
  • @JonBrase
    I remember insisting vehemently to a girl in my Sunday School class as a kid that I was "free" not "three". I was, in fact, three years old at the time.