How It Was Made: THE COMMODORE 64 factory tour

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Published 2022-01-22
Using machine learning on some scenes (see pinned comment & description) we've digitally remastered the only known, low-quality footage of the Commodore 64 & 6502 factory production to better show how the world's bestselling computer was made! Check out PCBWay.com/ - great PCBs from just $5!

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ℹ️ HOW "How It Was Made" WAS MADE:

📼 You may have seen the original very low quality German VHS factory tour of MOS and Commodore that's been around for years (   • How Computer Chips are made - Commodo...  ). Sadly a higher quality version never showed up. I've been wanting to do this for a while but the technology only recently got to an acceptable level. It's far from perfect, and the machine learning sharpening can look a little odd occasionally, but I hope you agree that it's better and more palatable than the original, all just in time for the C64's 40th anniversary. I plan future versions as the tech improves. Here's how I made this one:

🔈 AUDIO: I created a file of the German captions and translated it to English then re-synced that to the footage, and reworded it where needed. I also added back in all the sound effects from a foley library because the original German audio was muted.

📺 VIDEO: I used Topaz Labs machine learning video enhancer (www.topazlabs.com/video-enhance-ai) to create 5 versions of the footage. Some levels of restoration can make the people look cartoony, so by using different levels, I was able to cut each shot to its most natural look and ensure I felt it really was an improvement over the original. Occasionally I use the original shot with only upscaling to 4K. Some shots actually use different levels on different parts of the same frame using masks, so you might see sharp C64 motherboards, but the worker's more natural less reworked face above them, all in one image.

There are qutie extreme flashing colours in the original. I placed a duplicate of each shot above the original, made it 50% transparent, and offset it by 1 frame. This reduces the flashing producing a more uniform effect. Sadly some flashing remains, but removing this further would have led to ghosting of movement.

Next everything was run through a MPEG compression artefact reducing algorithm.

I then trimmed the flickering edges of the image off and extended it to near widescreen using a blurred enlarged version to fill the sides.

I also cut out about 7 minutes of unnecessary stock footage, corporate marketing, & overly long shots to again make things more watchable.

Aside from that there was colour balancing, brightening, and sharpening where possible. Enhance!

🌆 THUMBNAIL: This too is a remastered black and white low-res shot, with faces enhanced using Remini, colourized, and some other little tricks to bring it more to life!

SAUCES & CHEERS
commodore.ca/
• M TV Video
• CTV
• Discovery Channel
• Science Channel
• How It's Made team
• Cem Tezcan: cemtezcan.com/
typewriters101.com/
vintagecomputer.ca/
• Nightfallcrew
• Tim and Keegan Morgan
• Woxy
• Wikipedia & Wikimedia Commons
• The Internet Archive
• Gardenside Prods. & Clue Detectives & Paradise Radio
• Special thanks to Ladyfractic & the Puppyfractics!
• All other media featured is marked as public domain on Google Images or used with written permission or shown under fair use law. Every attempt was made to contact others before including content. Rarely things get forgotten in the excitement so don't hesitate to let me know if so & I'll put it right.

• 🛠 Get the tools I use*: 🇺🇸amzn.to/3eT3SzD | 🇬🇧amzn.to/30y05lg

MENU
0:00 Intro & context
3:39 How silicon is made
4:51 Circuit blueprints
8:26 Circuit production
11:49 Chip testing & cutting
13:34 Finishing the chip
15:28 C64 PCB assembly
17:17 C64 assembly & testing
20:49 Packaging & finish

CORRECTIONS
7:16 To clarify, the C64 itself uses the 6510 processor; a variant of the legendary 6502 processor mentioned. And yes I know it's silicon not silicone; slip of the tongu I mean tongue.
11:01 The diffusion furnace does not dope the wafer. It grows a layer. The implant tool dopes the layer.

SOME INGREDIENTS BY
MattGrandis.net/ - website design
twitter.com/_GazMarshall - some graphics
youtube.com/Elwoz - colour palette cleanser
PaulKitching3d.com/ - some 3D models

©️ All music & content Copyright & ™️ Retro Recipes LLC 1988-2022.

*Some links may offer some peanuts to support this retrochannel but all opinions are 100% unbiased.

#retrocomputing #computerscience #computer

All Comments (21)
  • @RetroRecipes
    Thanks for watching! I'm delighted by the response to this restoration. Don't forget the original can always be seen at https://youtu.be/xu8Fi0tC9IA. I know the machine learning algorithm isn't perfect but it makes things more palatable & either way can bring the C64 to a new audience - which was the goal! For a deeper dive into how I made this video please check out the description. C64 forever! :_peri: To support more videos like this check out patreon.com/perifractic 🙏
  • The C64 launched my career in software engineering back in 1982. I'm retired now at 60.
  • I have worked in a chip factory for 27 years. AND I owned a C64 from 1983 until now. Love that machine. The software and hardware developments are still ongoing. Thanx for this episode.
  • @cutter6900
    No matter how many times I see the process of silicon chip manufacturing, I'm still in awe. Very cool to see such an iconic microchip (and the entire C64) being made and a look at MOS Technology. Thanks for all the effort put into this!
  • @gamewizardks
    Man, this took me back, especially the Commodore theme. It's incredible that after 40 years this machine still has a huge fanbase, including myself. Great restoration of the old video!
  • @The8BitGuy
    Great work! I'm amazed you were able to find that much raw footage. It's unfortunate it couldn't be higher quality, thuogh.
  • I not only kept up with the Commodore, but these old Commodores also still keep up with me.
  • @vinmakesthings
    It’s so good of you to restore this fascinating old documentary just as you have lovingly restored so many C64’s. It’s wonderful to learn how our home computer came to be. Great video!
  • @dj_paultuk7052
    As a 80's child its remarkable that we were able to make computers like this given the general tech that was available at that time. I will never forget that time in the UK and the "Home computer boom". We literally had more home computers than you could count on your fingers. Vic-20, C64, C16, Plus4, Spectrum, Oric-1, BBC Micros, Electrons, Dragon 32's, TRS80's, Texas instruments home computers, and so on. It was a crazy and fun time, something i dont think we will ever see again.
  • @nowhereman4217
    When I was 19 I worked at a plant that produced silicone wafers. I was in the growing department. It was the most interesting job I ever had. We’d build the silicon rocks together in a crucible, put it in a furnace and use either boron or arsenic. It would take around 12 hours to grow the ingot. Very cool job
  • @thomashenden71
    The making of computer chips were and is still almost science fiction, with the projecting of circuits onto silicone from a photography. It is still impressive that it can practically be done with multiple layers and whatnot. Thanks for showing us this, imagine all the work that went into those computers and all other electronics that we take for granted!
  • @deangawler9727
    What great memories we all have of the Commodore 64. My Commodore 64 prompted me to build a career in IT which continues to this day. Fantastic video, thank you!
  • Wow...as someone in logistics his whole life...seeing such extensive quality control makes me in awe of not having such standards today
  • @user-yr1uq1qe6y
    This episode has blown me away. It must be a combination of your passion for the subject and that magic Hollywood insider know how on production! And I’m sure hours and hours of hard work and sacrifice. This episode easily belongs right alongside all of the greatest Commodore documentaries of all time.
  • @dgstephens
    This is so nostalgically delightful! Oh, how I do wish there were more such "How it was Made" films from this era.
  • @michaelcarey
    It's amazing to think how far the semiconductor has come from it's beginnings in the late 1940s. The jump from 1947 with a single transistor to 1982 microchips was incredible... the jump from 1982 to 2022 is mind boggling.
  • @FlyboyHelosim
    The C64 was before my time but this is a truly humbling insight into microchip production and the reminder that we have nature to thank for even the most advanced technology of yesterday, today, and tomorrow.
  • @00Skyfox
    Thank you so much, Chris. This video has totally made my day! I was 6 when the Commodore 64 made its world debut. As I sit here there's a C64 just to my left, recently repaired, and another sitting to my right, which was taking the other's place while it was feeling under the weather. And a 1541 sitting in a laundry basket, because I haven't put it away yet.
  • I was in the 9th grade when I first touched a computer, the TRS 80 model III. That was 1984 one year later I was introduced to Matt Kell who had the Commodore 64. My world was instantly transformed. Joining clubs and borrowing floppies to take home and make a copy. Any one remember getting ice in a container and putting it on power supply to help it stay cool so you could get to the next level of Jumpman or Space Taxi or Gateway to Apshai or Zork series or my favorite the Phantasie series. Oh how I miss those days where my only concern was completing a game, not having to get up to go to work, managing a marriage, raising children. A world about only you. I feel blessed that my entire teen years and 2 preteen years were from 1980 - 1989. What a time to be a teen.
  • @markracer3281
    At 21:35, brought a wave of nostalgia and a tear drop or two... Thank you, Retro Recipes!!!